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A knowledge of atomic and nuclear physics is essential to nuclear engineers , who deal with nuclear reactors . It should be noted that atomic and nuclear physics is very extensive branch of science. Nuclear reactor physics belongs to an applied physics. Reactor physics, particle physics or other branches of modern physics have common fundamentals. Atomic and nuclear physics describes fundamental particles (i.e. electrons, protons, neutrons ), their structure, properties and behavior. Atomic and nuclear physics are not the same. The term atomic physics is often associated with nuclear power, due to the synonymous use of atomic and nuclear in standard English. However, physicists distinguish between atomic and nuclear physics. The atomic physics deals with the atom as a system consisting of a nucleus and electrons . The nuclear physics deals with the nucleus as a system consisting of a nucleons (protons and neutrons) . Main difference is in the scale . While the term atomi...

tamil nadu public service commission invited application through online on post of group vii-b services Applications are invited only through online mode upto 24.12.2016 from applicants professing Hindu Religion only for direct recruitment against the vacancies (2014 – 2015, 2015-2016 and 2016-2017) for the post of Executive Officer, Grade-III included in Group-VII-B Services. Only persons Professing the Hindu Religion as required by Section 10 of the Tamil Nadu Hindu Religious and Charitable Endowments Act- 1959 (Tamil Nadu Act 22 of 1959) are eligible to apply Name of the Post :EXECUTIVE OFFICER, GRADE-III No. of vacancies : 29 Scale of pay :Rs.5200-20200+2800 Grade Pay (PM) (PB1) Date of Notification 25.11.2016 Last date for submission of applications 24.12.2016 Date of Written Examination :29.04.2017 Paper - I====10:00 A.M. to 1:00 P.M. Paper - II =====2:30 P.M. to 5:30 P.M. Minimum Age :25 years Maximum age :         Scheduled Caste / S...

Applications are invited only through online mode upto 24.12.2016 from applicants professing Hindu Religion only for direct recruitment against the vacancies (2014 - 2015, 2015 - 16 and 2016 - 17) for the post of Executive Officer, Grade-IV included in Group-VIII Services :- Only persons professing the Hindu Religion as required by Section 10 of the Tamil Nadu Hindu Religious and Charitable Endowments Act- 1959 (Tamil Nadu Act 22 of 1959) are eligible to apply. Name of the Post and Post Code  :EXECUTIVE OFFICER,GRADE-IV (Post Code: 1655) Name of the Service :Tamil Nadu Hindu Religious and Charitable Endowments Subordinate Service No. of vacancies :49 Scale of pay :Rs.5200 - 20,200 +Rs.2400/- Grade Pay (PM)(PB1) IMPORTANT DATES:-        Date of Notification:                                       25.11.2016        Last date for ...

The degree of hotness or coldness of a body or environment. A measure of the warmth or coldness of an object or substance with reference to some standard value. A measure of the average kinetic energy of the particles in a sample of matter, expressed in terms of units or degrees designated on a standard scale. A measure of the ability of a substance, or more generally of any physical system, to transfer heat energy to another physical system. Any of various standardized numerical measures of this ability, such as the Kelvin, Fahrenheit, and Celsius scale As mentioned , the first two bullet points have rather obvious meanings. The third bullet point was the topic of  the previous page in this lesson . The fifth bullet point was the definition that we started with as we discussed temperature and the operation of thermometers; it was the topic of  the second page in this lesson . That leaves us with the fourth bullet point - defining temperature in terms of the ability o...

Heat, energy and temperature pervade our lives. Just think about it. We give attention to hot and cold in deciding what we wear during the day, at night and when we go to bed. We think about the topic when deciding how many covers, if any at all, we will wrap in or sleep under at night in order to maintain  the right temperature . Many of us have heating and cooling systems in our homes, schools and work places that control the temperature during the day and night to keep us as comfortable as possible without spending too much money. We install fans or use portable fans in our homes to keep us comfortable. Most of us have cars equipped with heating and air conditioning systems; some may even have meters in their cars that register the indoor and outdoor temperatures. Many of us watch and listen to weather reports, especially the forecasted temperatures, with great interest so that we can make decisions about what to wear and what to do on the following day Our bodies are highly ...

Magnetic Fields  Force On A Current Carrying Wire In A Magnetic Field You will be familiar with the basic notion of a magnetic field , in which magnetic materials experience a magnetic force.  However it is worth revising some of the basic ideas that you will have come across in early secondary school. Revision Magnetic fields can be shown by field lines, which go from North to South. The field lines in a strong magnetic field are more closely packed than in a weak field. Unmagnetised materials are attracted to either pole. Like poles repel; unlike poles attract. In the Earth’s magnetic field, the North pole will align itself to point to the North, if the magnet is allowed to swing freely. The Earth has a magnetic field like a bar magnet.  Notice that the S-pole is under the North geographic pole.  Be careful not to be confused by ...

In ancient times Greece people found a rock that attracts iron, nickel and cobalt. They call them as “magnet “and magnetism comes from here. These rocks were used later by Chinese people to make compasses. Later scientists found that, magnets have always two poles different from electricity. Magnets have two ends or faces called “poles” where the magnetic effect is highest. In last unit we saw that there is again two polarities in electricity, “-“charges and “+” charges. Electricity can exist as monopole but magnetism exists always in dipoles North Pole (represented by N ) and South Pole (represented by S) . If you break the rock into pieces you get small magnets and each magnet also has two poles N and S. Same poles of the magnet like in the electricity repel each other and opposite poles attract each other. Strengths of these forces depend on the distance between the poles and intensity of the poles. Types of Magnets In nature Fe 3 O 4 is used as magnet. However, th...