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NUMBER SYSTEMS

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NUMBER SYSTEMS In Hindu Arabic System, we use ten symbols 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9 called digits to represent any number. This is the decimal system where we use the numbers 0 to 9. 0 is called insignificant digit. A group of figures, denoting a number is called a numeral. For a given numeral, we start from extreme right as Unit’s place, Ten’s place, Hundred’s place and so on. We represent the number 309872546 as shown below: 6-units 4-Tens 5-Hundreds 2-Tounsands 7-Ten thousand 8-Lacs 9-Ten lacs(million) 0-Crocres 3-Ten croces We read it as “Thirty crores, ninety- eight lacs, seventy-two thousands five hundred and forty-six.” In this numeral: The place value of 6 is 6 ×1 = 6 The place value of 4 is 4 ×10 = 40 The place value of 5 is 5 ×100 = 500 The place value of 2 is2 ×1000 = 2000 and so on. The face value of a digit in a numbers is the value itself wherever it may be. Thus, the face value of 7 in the above num
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DC vs. AC

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In the Current Electricity section, you learned about electric charge, current, voltage and other related topics. But, just because you have a voltage does not mean electric current will flow. Electrons also need a complete loop of conductive material to flow, called a closed circuit . Let's look at a light switch. When you turn the switch "on", the switch creates a path that conducts electricity and electrons start to move—meaning electric current flows—and the light turns on. As soon as you turn the switch "off", the path is broken and electrons can no longer flow. The switch is like a drawbridge; switching it on is letting down the bridge so the electrons can cross (just like cars crossing a bridge) and provide energy to the light bulb. Illustration of how electric current can move through a closed loop of conductive material (left figure) but stops flowing whenever the loop is broken (right figure). This figure shows how a light bulb l
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Physical quantities, standards and units

PHYSICAL QUANTITIES AND THEIR SI BASE UNITS Following is the list of Physical Quantities and their SI Base Units and Symbols. Physical Quantity Unit Symbol length meter m mass kilogram kg time second s electric current ampere A thermodynamic temperature kelvin K amount of substance mole mol luminous intensity candela cd SOME SI DERIVED UNITS Physical Quantity Unit Symbol area square meter m 2 volume cubic meter m 3 frequency hertz Hz mass density (density) kilogram per cubic meter kg/m 3 speed, velocity meter per second m/s angular velocity radian per second rad/s acceleration meter per second squared m/s 2 angular acceleration radian per second squared rad/s 2 force newton N pressure pascal Pa work, energy, quantity of heat joule J power watt W quantity of electricity coulomb C potential difference, electromotive force volt V electric field volt per meter V/m electric resistance ohm capacitance farad F magnetic flux weber Wb inductance h
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